Iran

Open Access Article

1 - Evaluation of changes in total productivity of rice production factors in Iran, an experimental analysis based on Farperimont index.
hesmat ollah gholizadeh shahriyar Nasabian reza moghaddasi alireza amini

Rice is a group of basic cereal products that has a special role in feeding people in society. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the changes in total productivity of rice production factors in Iran by experimental analysis based on Farperimont index. Therefore, f More

Rice is a group of basic cereal products that has a special role in feeding people in society. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the changes in total productivity of rice production factors in Iran by experimental analysis based on Farperimont index. Therefore, for this purpose, using the data of the sample census plan in the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture in a 30-year period from 1988-2017 and using non-parametric method and experimental analysis based on Farprimont index. To calculate changes and interest growth. ¬In the above-mentioned index and using DPIN software has been used. The results of calculations show that the average change in productivity of total Iranian rice production in the mentioned period for the Farperimont index has (10% increase). According to the analysis of the above data and the average increase in total productivity changes in this index, has been due to increased technological changes. Therefore, by using the new technology in all stages of planting, holding, harvesting rice and also in the optimal use of agricultural inputs to increase rice production, he tried to improve the productivity of this strategic product. It is also recommended as an executive work policy to achieve a sustainable productivity in the country and by reducing the import of this product and reducing the outflow of currency from the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Investigating the market structure and determining the competitive power between the sugar beet producing provinces of the country
mojtaba Davarpanah hamid mohammadi saman ziaee majid shahriari

Comparative advantage is one of the most important and influential issues in economic and commercial activities. In the agricultural sector, comparative advantage is used as a rationale for achieving efficient allocation of limited resources and facilities for greater s More

Comparative advantage is one of the most important and influential issues in economic and commercial activities. In the agricultural sector, comparative advantage is used as a rationale for achieving efficient allocation of limited resources and facilities for greater self-sufficiency and self-sufficiency in agricultural production and achieving a more efficient and powerful agricultural economy. Basically, supporting domestic products in order to rehabilitate domestic producers, to participate and compete in the international arena is one of the important tasks of the government. The aim of this study was to determine the market structure and competitive power between sugar beet producing provinces in the country based on concentration ratio, Herfindahl-Hirschman indices, apparent comparative advantage, symmetric apparent comparative advantage and Chi-square index and their fluctuation coefficient during 2019-2020 There have been. The results showed that during a period of 20 years, the structure of sugar beet production market in the country is a multilateral monopoly and according to the index of concentration ratio of four enterprises (CR4), West Azerbaijan, Khorasan Razavi, Khuzestan and Kermanshah provinces have the largest share of production in the country. The results of the comparative advantage of sugar beet in the country also show that Khorasan Razavi, West Azerbaijan and Semnan provinces have the highest symmetrical comparative advantage and Semnan and South Khorasan provinces with fluctuation coefficients of 1.08 and 1.50 are the most stable provinces, respectively. Countries are symmetrical in the comparative advantage index. Ardabil, Hamedan and Chaharmahal Bakhtiari provinces also have the lowest mean chi-square index (χ2) during the period 2019-2020. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Policy research interaction; The missing link in the process of Iran's development planning system
mohammadali ahmadi shapourabadi leila motaghi

Despite the importance and position of scientific thinking and the prominent role of research in development policies, the reflection of the current situation and the pathology of the non-realization of documents and development plans of the country, due to some kind of More

Despite the importance and position of scientific thinking and the prominent role of research in development policies, the reflection of the current situation and the pathology of the non-realization of documents and development plans of the country, due to some kind of dysfunction or malfunction or non-application of findings and recommendations Policy in the process of development decision-making and development decision-making and lack of interaction and interaction of policy research at upstream (transcendental) levels indicate that often the policies are not effective in the development process. However, the present paper, which is based on the documentary method and based on the secondary analysis of qualitative data obtained from the meta-analytical study on the pathologies of development programs in Iran (2014) in order to identify injuries associated with lack of interaction. Policy research in Iran's development programs on the one hand and identifying shortcomings related to the multiplicity and parallelism of institutions and agencies with policy research centers and incoherence of documents and development programs on the other hand Is. The most important findings show that out of 99 injuries and problems studied in the meta-analytical study on the pathology of Iran's development programs (2014), 38 injuries and problems related to the study and research aspects and the type of research policy identification Took. In other words, 38.4% of the damages of development plans and non-realization of documents and development plans of the country are directed to the shortcomings of studies in the levels of preparation of development plans; Prior to planning, there is a content level, a process level, and an implementation level. In this regard, the most shortcomings and damages of studies and research policy related to the content level of planning with 69.2% and the lowest with 24% related to the level of planning prerequisites have been identified. In order to build capacity and groundwork and prevent duplication, upstream (multifaceted) engineering interaction policy and research monitoring in the country's development policies as the first step in reviewing the development planning system in Iran is essential by emphasizing the Seventh Development Plan. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Reasons for the decrease in the study and study of economic factors affecting book publishing in Iran
mahboube Esmaili Hesari Mohammad Mirbagherijam

The publication of books in any society is one of the important indicators of intellectual and spiritual growth. The process of book production in Iran, like any other society, is one of the most important indicators and signs of the quality of cultural and intellectual More

The publication of books in any society is one of the important indicators of intellectual and spiritual growth. The process of book production in Iran, like any other society, is one of the most important indicators and signs of the quality of cultural and intellectual life. The importance of this issue doubles when enrichment and quality of cultural and intellectual life of Iranian society is one of the most important goals of the Islamic Revolution and political system. It turns out that it has a serious and prominent manifestation in the cultural policies of the country and especially in development programs. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables on book publishing in Iran between 1978 and 2017. Therefore, EVIEWS software and hybrid data method have been used to estimate the model data. The results show that the variables of inflation rate and interest rate have a significant and negative effect, the variables of literacy rate, total population and gender composition of the population have a significant and positive effect on book demand and paper price and income variables did not affect book demand in the country. The results of this study can help the country's cultural policy makers in decision-making and increase the demand for books in society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Evaluating the effect of preschool education on Iran's economic growth
Yahya Mohaghegh

The growing importance of investing in education has been around since the 1960s. Numerous studies show that from this period onwards, educational investment in different educational levels has entered the production function as one of the effective inputs along with ph More

The growing importance of investing in education has been around since the 1960s. Numerous studies show that from this period onwards, educational investment in different educational levels has entered the production function as one of the effective inputs along with physical capital. Leading research uses data from 30 provinces of the country in the period 2007 to 2017 to evaluate the effect of preschool education on economic growth in Iran. Evaluation of educational effects at different levels of education has always been one of the main concerns of policymakers and economic elites in different countries. However, domestic research has not provided evidence and results of compatibility in Iran. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of preschool education on economic growth in Iran. Information and statistical data of this study have been extracted from household budget data of Statistics Center of Iran, Central Bank and World Bank for the period 2007 to 2017. Experimental findings show that investing in pre-school, primary and higher education has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of Iranian provinces. Considering the results, it can be concluded that investing in pre-school and primary education is more important than high school. And it is necessary for the political and economic leaders of the country to believe that paying attention to efficient and correct education from the very beginning is the primary pillar of training efficient human resources, for which more attention should be paid to strategic and long-term investments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Comprehensive map and prioritization of the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of physical advantage of production
darab yazdani majid shahriari

Determining the comparative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important aspects of agricultural policy and planning, based on which an appropriate pattern of production and cultivation in different regions can be achieved according to More

Determining the comparative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important aspects of agricultural policy and planning, based on which an appropriate pattern of production and cultivation in different regions can be achieved according to the conditions in each region. The present study has been conducted with the aim of prioritizing the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of physical advantage of production (scale advantage, efficiency advantage and collective advantage) and their oscillation coefficient during the period 1381-98 using numerical taxonomy method. The results showed that during an 18-year period, South Khorasan, Jiroft and Khorasan Razavi provinces had the highest mean scale advantage index (SAI) and the highest average efficiency advantage index (EAI) in Alborz, West Azerbaijan and Lorestan provinces with 67, respectively. / 13, 47/6 and 19/6 were obtained. Based on the results of collective advantage (AAI), Hamedan, Semnan and Sistan and Baluchestan provinces with 0.26, 0.28 and 0.33 have the lowest coefficient of fluctuation of the collective index and Alborz, Jiroft and Sistan and Baluchestan provinces with 31, respectively. 2.40, 2.3 and 1.65 had the highest average of collective advantage among all provinces of the country. Finally, in order to summarize, using GIS software, a comprehensive map of the country for medicinal plants was drawn based on physical advantage indicators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Designing a food security management model in Iran
Reza Eskandari Mehraban Hadi Peykani akbar etebarian

In the discussion of human-centered development, food security plays a decisive role and the nutritional health of community-based individuals is the main focus of human-centered movement, and in contrast to malnutrition, it is a deterrent to the national development pr More

In the discussion of human-centered development, food security plays a decisive role and the nutritional health of community-based individuals is the main focus of human-centered movement, and in contrast to malnutrition, it is a deterrent to the national development process. The purpose of this study is to present a model of food security management in Iran with emphasis on the experiences of successful countries in this field. This research was exploratory in terms of purpose, in terms of method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the first stage, qualitative method and categorical content analysis (Inductive) was used and written and electronic sources in the field of food security were used purposefully to collect information. Findings of content analysis based on the opinion of the Center of Experts (consisting of five professors of public administration) in a system Induction presented the initial model of food security management (consisting of 211 concepts, 61 categories and 12 dimensions) and then through Delphi technique and questionnaire, the obtained model was exposed to the judgment of Delphi members. At this stage of the research, 12 scientific and practical experts (faculty members and officials of the Ministry of Health) were selected as a statistical sample using purposive sampling method for Delphi Center. In the next stage, the model derived from Delphi center was tested in a larger community. The statistical population at this stage included 2600 food industry experts based in Isfahan food industry towns. Using Morgan table, 335 samples were calculated and 310 questionnaires were collected by available sampling method. The model was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis as well as reliability and validity calculations. Finally, the food security management model in Iran with emphasis on The experiences of successful countries in this field have been obtained with170concepts,58 categories and12dimensions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Investigating the impact of complexity and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions
Mohammad Arrekesh Salmasi seyedkamal sadeghi

The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the Environmental Couzens Curve (EKC) and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) as a differentiating element of the production volume for Iran. To investigate the relationship between the variables of More

The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the Environmental Couzens Curve (EKC) and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) as a differentiating element of the production volume for Iran. To investigate the relationship between the variables of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for the period of 1389-1399 Dynamic least squares, modified least squares, collinearity test and Johanson test were used. In order to investigate the factors affecting the emission of carbon dioxide gas, the traditional variables shown by the environmental Kuznets curve data of 1389-1399 have been used. These variables include GDP per capita, urban population, electricity consumption (kilowatt hours per capita). ), foreign direct investment, import and export of goods and services (percentage of gross domestic product) which was prepared from Iran Statistics Center, Environmental Organization and Central Bank. Mann (2009) was used. The research results show that economic complexity has no effect on carbon dioxide emissions, but increasing production and energy consumption and increasing exports and decreasing imports are effective on carbon dioxide emissions. Also, between increasing per capita income, capital No significant relationship was found between direct foreign investment and carbon dioxide emissions. According to the research results, it is suggested to use renewable energy in production and export and import laws should be based on reducing environmental risks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Does creative human capital and environmental pollution have an effect on internal migration?
Mohammadsaeed Zabihidan Vahid Kafili Abbas Khosravani

Today, the word creativity has found a very important role in the literature of urban and regional economics. The creativity of an area becomes a factor to attract people to that area. Also, the phenomenon of migration as an important issue is the concern of many resear More

Today, the word creativity has found a very important role in the literature of urban and regional economics. The creativity of an area becomes a factor to attract people to that area. Also, the phenomenon of migration as an important issue is the concern of many researchers of different sciences; such as economics, sociology, statistics, geography and environment. The reason for the importance of this topic is that immigrants can have different political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, etc. effects on the host society and region. Immigrants who enter a region can bring economic prosperity and capital inflow to a region, or can cause various social and environmental crises. Along with the creativity of the region and migration, the issue of environmental pollution is another important issue in today's world. Therefore, due to the great importance of this issue, in this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of economic and environmental factors on migration, as well as factors affecting environmental pollution in the provinces of Iran. For this purpose, cross-sectional data was used in 2016. Considering the very important relationship between migration and environmental pollution, a model with two equations (net migration and CO2) as a system of simultaneous equations has been designed and estimated with the 3SLS method. The obtained results show that environmental pollution has a negative effect on the amount of migration. The results obtained in this research prove this issue. On the other hand, more immigration to a province, due to the increase in population, causes more pollution in that province. Also, the results show that the provinces that have moved towards industrialization have more CO2 emissions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Meta-analysis of studies conducted in the field of smart city indicators in Iran
Mohammad javad samani nezhad neda khodakaramiangilan

The process of urbanization in the world and the problems arising from it bring great challenges to cities, and the concept of a smart city has been created as a solution to the problems of cities. Therefore, prioritizing criteria and indicators is of particular importa More

The process of urbanization in the world and the problems arising from it bring great challenges to cities, and the concept of a smart city has been created as a solution to the problems of cities. Therefore, prioritizing criteria and indicators is of particular importance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the indicators affecting the smart city in Iran. The present study is a descriptive-analytical research in which the meta-analysis method was used. The statistical population of the research includes all the researches conducted in the field of smart city indicators that were published in Normagz, Jihad University, Humanities, Mogiran and Irandak databases from 1396 to 1400. In this research, the amount of collaboration and participation of researchers, statistical society, sampling method and time pattern of publication of articles and variables used and their effect size in smart city studies in Iran were investigated. The results showed that the level of cooperation and teamwork of researchers in research is acceptable and most of the research was done in the period of 1399 to 1400. Also, the results showed that most of the researchers were researching in a specific field. Finally, the results of the effect size showed that the smart economy has the largest effect size in the smart city, and smart people are the second most important variable in the smart city. Smart government and smart environment are also the next variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - A comprehensive map and prioritization of the provinces producing medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of the physical advantage of production
darab yazdani majid shahriari

20.1001.1.17352460.1401.18.71.6.9

Determining the relative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important dimensions of agricultural policy and planning, based on which the appropriate pattern of production and cultivation can be achieved in different regions according t More

Determining the relative advantage of agricultural products in different regions is one of the important dimensions of agricultural policy and planning, based on which the appropriate pattern of production and cultivation can be achieved in different regions according to the conditions in each region. The current research aims to prioritize the provinces that produce medicinal plants in the country based on the indicators of the physical advantage of production (advantage of scale, efficiency advantage and collective advantage) and their fluctuation coefficient during the period of 2011-2018 using the numerical taxonomy method. The results showed that during a period of 18 years, South Khorasan, Jiroft and Razavi Khorasan provinces had the highest average scale advantage index (SAI) and the highest average efficiency advantage (EAI) was also in Alborz, West Azarbaijan and Lorestan provinces with 13/67 respectively. , 6/47 and 6/19 were obtained. According to the results of collective advantage (AAI), the provinces of Hamadan, Semnan and Sistan and Baluchistan have the lowest fluctuation coefficient of collective index with 0.26, 0.28 and 0.33 and the provinces of Alborz, Jiroft and Sistan and Baluchistan with 31.40 respectively. 2.3 and 1.65 had the highest average collective advantage among all the provinces of the country. Finally, in order to summarize, using GIS software, a comprehensivemap of the country for medicinal plants was drawn based on the indicators of physical advantage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Investigating the impact of complexity and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions
seyedkamal sadeghi Mohammad Arrekesh Salmasi

20.1001.1.17352460.1402.18.72.3.2

Sadeghi SeyyedKamal Arrekesh Salmasi Mohammad Abstract The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the Environmental Couzens Curve (EKC) and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) as a differentiating element of the production volume f More

Sadeghi SeyyedKamal Arrekesh Salmasi Mohammad Abstract The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the Environmental Couzens Curve (EKC) and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) as a differentiating element of the production volume for Iran. To investigate the relationship between the variables of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for the period of 2019-2020 Dynamic least squares, modified least squares, collinearity test and Johanson test were used. In order to investigate the factors affecting the emission of carbon dioxide gas, the traditional variables shown by the environmental Kuznets curve data of 1389-1399 have been used. These variables include GDP per capita, urban population, electricity consumption (kilowatt hours per capita), foreign direct investment, import and export of goods and services (percentage of gross domestic product) which was prepared from Iran Statistics Center, Environmental Organization and Central Bank... to obtain economic complexity (ECI) from the model proposed by Hidalgo and House Mann (2009) was used. The research results show that economic complexity has no effect on carbon dioxide emissions, but increasing production and energy consumption and increasing exports and decreasing imports are effective on carbon dioxide emissions. Also, between increasing per capita income, capital No significant relationship was found between foreign direct investment and carbon dioxide emissions. According to the research results, it is suggested to use renewable energy in production and export and import laws should be based on reducing environmental risks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Designing Model of Food Security Management in Iran
Reza Eskandari Mehraban Hadi Peykani akbar etebarian

20.1001.1.17352460.1402.18.72.6.5

Reza eskandari Mehraban Hadipeykani Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani Abstract The purpose of the present study was to design a model of food security management in Iran, emphasizing the experiences of successful countries in this field.This research was explorat More

Reza eskandari Mehraban Hadipeykani Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani Abstract The purpose of the present study was to design a model of food security management in Iran, emphasizing the experiences of successful countries in this field.This research was exploratory in terms of purpose, in terms of method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the first stage, qualitative method and categorical content analysis (Inductive) was used and written and electronic sources in the field of food security were used purposefully to collect information. Findings of content analysis based on the opinion of the Center of Experts (consisting of five professors of public administration) in a system Induction presented the initial model of food security management (consisting of 211 concepts, 61 categories and 12 dimensions) and then through Delphi technique and questionnaire, the obtained model was exposed to the judgment of Delphi members. At this stage of the research, 12 scientific and practical experts (faculty members and officials of the Ministry of Health) were selected as a statistical sample using purposive sampling method for Delphi Center. In the next stage, the model derived from Delphi center was tested in a larger community. The statistical population at this stage included 2600 food industry experts based in Isfahan food industry towns. Using Morgan table, 335 samples were calculated and 310 questionnaires were collected by available sampling method. The model was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis as well as reliability and validity calculations. Finally, the food security management model in Iran with emphasis on The experiences of successful countries in this field have been obtained with 170 concepts, 58 categories and 12 dimensions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The effect of money substitution on income distribution in Iran
Rahman Saadat esmaiel abounoori younes saeedi

The issue of money substitution is becoming more important in the country's economy every day and affects the country's economic policies. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of money substitution on income distribution in Iran's e More

The issue of money substitution is becoming more important in the country's economy every day and affects the country's economic policies. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of money substitution on income distribution in Iran's economy. For this purpose, data from the period 1358 to 1399 have been used for the economy of Iran. The results of the estimation of the model using ordinary least squares method showed that money substitution had a positive effect on income inequality. According to the data, the substitution of money in Iran has an upward trend and reached 0.355262 in 2019. This shows that foreign currencies are more useful in the country and people use foreign currency in their portfolios, which has increased the class gap and income inequality. The country and the failure to estimate the needs of the society in terms of economic well-being is one of the most obvious and important consequences for a country. On the other hand, the effect of this consequence on the important variables of this research is that the relationship between the substitution of money and the square of the gross domestic product is positive and The relationship between the GDP itself and the Gini coefficient has been negative. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The advantage of industrial heritage values in the protection and development of Trans iranian railway Tourism
MORTEZA farahbakhsh hamid nadimi Alireza Razeghi

Values are one of the main topics related to cultural heritage, all activities in heritage are recognition, documentation, protection and introduction for the continuity of values. The national railway of Iran is a part of the industrial and cultural heritage and has an More

Values are one of the main topics related to cultural heritage, all activities in heritage are recognition, documentation, protection and introduction for the continuity of values. The national railway of Iran is a part of the industrial and cultural heritage and has an important impact on contemporary history and has diverse social, economic, cultural, political and spatial characteristics, a body that includes many values and their prioritization plays an effective role in protecting It will have the heritage and development of industrial tourism. Prioritization of tangible and intangible values hidden in railway heritage from the perspective of experts in related fields plays a fundamental role in planning and organizing interventions in order to synergize protection and tourism of its valuable elements and components. The current research, with an applied-developmental approach, in a descriptive-analytical and survey way, by referring to library documents, using the questionnaire tool and the ANP method, has attempted to identify, prioritize and score the railway heritage based on values. The results show that from the shared perspective of conservation and tourism, the first priority is bridges, the second priority is given to railway stations, the third priority is given to landscapes related to railway lines, and the fourth priority is intangible and spiritual funds, the fifth priority is given to tunnels. And the sixth is assigned to the structures and remains related to the railway, which indicates the need for the attention of all stakeholders and decision makers in presenting the program and implementing the plans according to this prioritization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Identifying the influencing indicators on the development of leadership humor in Iran Tobacco Company
Rohollah Alikhan Gorgani mohamadrasol mahdavi farzin farhbood

The humor of the leadership as the creator of a dynamic and creative space helps to develop in the Iranian tobacco company, humorous leaders generally do not follow common theories and standards to solve the company's problems and replace it with new and innovative solu More

The humor of the leadership as the creator of a dynamic and creative space helps to develop in the Iranian tobacco company, humorous leaders generally do not follow common theories and standards to solve the company's problems and replace it with new and innovative solutions. These strategies help the company to make continuous improvements in its processes and to be able to keep up with the competitive conditions and the development of the market, in order to determine and select the indicators by using the research literature and exploratory interviews along with the survey of 20 experts. The fields of organizational behavior management, human resource management and senior managers of Iran Tobacco have been conducted, quantitative data has also been conducted by distributing questionnaires among 361 personnel in Iran Tobacco Company, statistical analysis of research data with the help of spss26 software, smart pls3 has been confirmed by factor analysis methods, the research findings have confirmed and shown the effectiveness of four dimensions: environmental factors, organizational factors, occupational factors and personality characteristics, which three dimensions (organizational factors, occupational factors) and personality traits) has had an impact, but the dimension of environmental factors exerts an inverse effect on the sense of humor of the leadership of Iran Tobacco, which means that the factors of leadership style and organizational culture in Iran Tobacco Company have negative effects on the sense of humor of the leaders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Does creative human capital and environmental pollution have an effect on internal migration?
mohammad saeed zabihidan Vahid Kafili Abbas Khosravani

20.1001.1.17352460.1402.19.73.2.6

Mohammadsaeed Zabihidan Vahid Kafili Abbas Khosravani Abstract Today, the word creativity has found a very important role in the literature of urban and regional economics. The creativity of an area becomes a factor to attract people to that area. Also, the p More

Mohammadsaeed Zabihidan Vahid Kafili Abbas Khosravani Abstract Today, the word creativity has found a very important role in the literature of urban and regional economics. The creativity of an area becomes a factor to attract people to that area. Also, the phenomenon of migration as an important issue is the concern of many researchers of different sciences; such as economics, sociology, statistics, geography and environment. The reason for the importance of this topic is that immigrants can have different political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, etc. effects on the host society and region. Immigrants who enter a region can bring economic prosperity and capital inflow to a region, or can cause various social and environmental crises. Along with the creativity of the region and migration, the issue of environmental pollution is another important issue in today's world. Therefore, due to the great importance of this issue, in this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of economic and environmental factors on migration, as well as factors affecting environmental pollution in the provinces of Iran. For this purpose, cross-sectional data was used in 2016. Considering the very important relationship between migration and environmental pollution, a model with two equations (net migration and CO2) as a system of simultaneous equations has been designed and estimated with the 3SLS method. The obtained results show that environmental pollution has a negative effect on the amount of migration. The results obtained in this research prove this issue. On the other hand, more immigration to a province, due to the increase in population, causes more pollution in that province. Also, the results show that the provinces that have moved towards industrialization have more CO2 emissions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Meta-analysis of studies conducted in the field of smart city indicators in Iran
Mohammad javad samani nezhad neda khodakaramiangilan

20.1001.1.17352460.1402.19.73.10.4

Mohammad Javad Samaninezhad Neda Khodakarmian Gilan Abstract The process of urbanization in the world and the problems arising from it bring great challenges to cities, and the concept of a smart city has been created as a solution to the problems of cities. More

Mohammad Javad Samaninezhad Neda Khodakarmian Gilan Abstract The process of urbanization in the world and the problems arising from it bring great challenges to cities, and the concept of a smart city has been created as a solution to the problems of cities. Smart cities are defined as cities that pay attention to human capital, social and communication infrastructure, will improve the economy and quality of life, wise management of natural resources and cooperative governance. Now, it should be noted that smart building should be on the agenda in cities and the construction of a new city should be combined with new ideas. Therefore, prioritizing criteria and indicators is of particular importance. The aim of the current research is to investigate the indicators affecting the smart city in Iran. The present study is a descriptive-analytical research in which the meta-analysis method was used. The statistical population of the research includes all the researches conducted in the field of smart city indicators that were published in Normagz, Jihad University, Humanities, Mogiran and Irandak databases from 1396 to 1400. In this research, the amount of cooperation and participation of researchers, statistical community, sampling method and time pattern of publication of articles and variables used and their effect size in smart city studies in Iran have been investigated. The results showed that the level of cooperation and teamwork of researchers in research is acceptable and most of the research was done in the period of 1399 to 1400. Also, most of these researches were in the field of specific fields. Finally, the results of the effect size showed that the smart economy has the largest effect size in the smart city, and smart people are the second most important variable in the smart city, on the other hand, smart government and smart environment are the next variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - The Impact of De-Dollarization on Reducing the Impact of Sanctions and Increasing Economic Convergence Case Study: Exchanges between Iran and ASEAN Member Countries
ابوالقاسم شهریاری سیدنصراله حجازی فهیمه عسگرآبادی

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of sanctions on Iranian trade exchanges and the effect of de-dollarization on reducing the effect of sanctions. Dependence on the dollar has created several problems such as the devaluation of the national currency More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of sanctions on Iranian trade exchanges and the effect of de-dollarization on reducing the effect of sanctions. Dependence on the dollar has created several problems such as the devaluation of the national currency and inflationary shocks, and therefore de-dollarization is a policy to increase the power of central banks, especially for countries such as Iran that are under sanctions. ASEAN is the latest union to adopt its de-dollarization measures at the beginning of 2023. The present study seeks to investigate Iran-ASEAN trade and feasibility of using de-dollarization decision to improve Iran's trade exchange. Accordingly, questions have been raised about the impact of sanctions on Iran-ASEAN exchanges? And how ASEAN's de-dollarization decision will affect Iran-ASEAN exchanges. The hypothesis of the research is that sanctions will have a severe impact on Iran-ASEAN exchanges and de-dollarization will provide a suitable ground for increasing trades. To examine the current situation using the time series technique from 2000 to 2020, it was determined that Iran-ASEAN exchanges were severely affected by the 2018 sanctions so that exports have fallen sharply in value. The choice of the dollar alternative currency and the use of alternative SWIFT systems will provide the basis for improving Iran-ASEAN trade exchanges. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The effect of money substitution on income distribution in Iran
Rahman Saadat esmaiel abounoori younes saeedi

Rahman Saadat Ismail Abu Nouri Yunus saidi Abstract The issue of money substitution becomes more important in the country's economy every day and affects the country's economic policies. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effec More

Rahman Saadat Ismail Abu Nouri Yunus saidi Abstract The issue of money substitution becomes more important in the country's economy every day and affects the country's economic policies. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of money substitution on income distribution in Iran's economy. For this purpose, data from the period 1358 to 1399 have been used for the economy of Iran. The results of the estimation of the model using the ordinary least squares method showed that money substitution had a positive effect on income inequality. According to the data, money substitution in Iran has an upward trend and reached 0.355262 in 2019. This shows that foreign currencies are more useful in the country and people use foreign currency in their portfolios, which has increased the class gap and income inequality. The country and the failure to estimate the needs of society in terms of economic well-being is one of the most obvious and important consequences for a country. On the other hand, the effect of this consequence on the important variables of this research is that the relationship between money substitution and the square of gross domestic product is positive and The relationship between the GDP itself and the Gini coefficient has been negative. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Identifying indicators affecting the development of leadership humor in Iran Tobacco Company
mohamadrasol mahdavi Roholah Alikhan gorgani فرزین فرحبد

Mohammad Rasool Mahdavi Ruhollah Alikhan Gorgani Farzin Farhabod Abstract The humor of the leadership as the creator of a dynamic and creative atmosphere helps to develop in the Iranian tobacco company, the humorous leaders generally do not follow common id More

Mohammad Rasool Mahdavi Ruhollah Alikhan Gorgani Farzin Farhabod Abstract The humor of the leadership as the creator of a dynamic and creative atmosphere helps to develop in the Iranian tobacco company, the humorous leaders generally do not follow common ideas and standards to solve the company's problems and replace it with new and innovative solutions. These strategies help the company to make continuous improvements in its processes and to be able to keep up with the competitive conditions and the development of the market, for this purpose, determining and selecting indicators using research literature and exploratory interviews along with a survey of 20 people from Experts in the fields of organizational behavior management, human resource management and senior managers of Iranian tobacco have been done، Quantitative data has also been done by distributing questionnaires among 361 personnel in Iran Tobacco Company, statistical analysis of research data has been done with the help of spss26, smart pls3 software with confirmation factor analysis methods, the findings of the research show It has confirmed and shown the effectiveness of four dimensions: environmental factors, organizational factors, job factors and personality traits، that three dimensions (organizational factors, job factors and personality traits) have played a role, but the dimension of environmental factors has an opposite effect on the humor of Iran's tobacco leadership, this means that the factors of leadership style and organizational culture in the tobacco company Iran has had negative effects on the humor of leaders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The Impact of Inflation Uncertainty on Economic Growth in Iran
علی سلمانپور زنوز Siamak ShokouhiFard Hatef Hazeri Niri

Ali Salmanpour Siamak ShokouhiFard Hatef Hazeri Niri Abstract One of the major objectives of any economic system, achieving high and stable economic growth rates, inflation, full employment a fair distribution of income in the country. As a result, decision More

Ali Salmanpour Siamak ShokouhiFard Hatef Hazeri Niri Abstract One of the major objectives of any economic system, achieving high and stable economic growth rates, inflation, full employment a fair distribution of income in the country. As a result, decision-making and reducing investment time horizon is shorter latest Blnd¬Mdt and other factors mentioned. Inflationary uncertainty is also considered as one of the costs of inflation. Inflationary uncertainty leads to the deviation of economic decisions in the field of production. In these difficult circumstances,and the uncertainty of future decisions, decisions that affect economic agents. The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of inflation on economic growth Na¬Atmynany Iran. In this research, hypothesis testing and multivariate linear regression model VAR-GARCH-M method to analyze the data in the period 1347 to 1401 is used. In calculate the uncertainty, using modeling ARMA (Box - Jenkins) to determine the order of the action. In general, the results of this study shows the negative impact of inflation uncertainty on economic growth in the long term. Although this effect was positive in the short term, it has unusual effects on the economic components in the long term. In other words, the stability of inflationary uncertainty in the long term also increases inflation. Other results obtained from long-term relationships indicate the positive effect of money volume and exchange rate fluctuations on economic growth. Also, the result obtained from the Granger causality test also shows that the causality relationship is from inflation uncertainty to inflation, so that the opposite relationship is not significant. Manuscript profile

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